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Please read chapter 9 in the attached book . Include page number in every in-tex

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Please read chapter 9 in the attached book . Include page number in every in-text citation.The book is attached.Please reply to the following:It is argued that in the intelligence process that once intelligence isgiven to policy makers the process is complete. However, this cannot betrue due to the fact that policy makers play a vital role in theintelligence process. The structure of the U.S. National securityprocess are the President, the departments, the State Department and theDepartment of Defense (DOD), the National Security Council (NSC) staff,the IC, and Congress. (Lowenthal, 2019, p.253) In the intelligencecommunity the interactions between the president and bureaucracy isconflicting. Both sides debate a lot “between the president’s interestsand those of the bureaucracy.” (Lowenthal, 2019, p.253) Often timesthey’re either working together or bumping heads. The inconsistencybetween the two can be based on the bureaucracy always trying to try andoutlast the president rather than collaborating. The DOD focus is tomake sure that we have “a military capability sufficient to deterhostile nations from using force.” (Lowenthal, 2019, p.253) Furthermore,if that is unsuccessful the DOD tries to bring a large number of forceto get rid of conflict quickly. The DHS goal is to prevent any newterrorist attacks from occurring. While doing so, the DHS serves as thebridge “between the federal government and state and local lawenforcement agencies on domestic security issues.” (Lowenthal, 2019,p.254) The NSC is important because not only does it have to report backto the national security advisor but it passes on the president wishesto the policy and intelligence communities. To achieve these day to dayactivities the NSC must have a strong connection with all of theseentities. Policy makers tend to have a shaky relationship with theintelligence community based on disagreements. Policy makers have issueswith intelligence because they don’t “view intelligence in the same wayas those who are producing it.” (Lowenthal, 2019, p.257) Then therelationship between new administrations and intelligence showed thatthere isn’t much collaboration but instead kept secrets. A former deputyat the DCI stated that “we sometimes know more about foreigngovernments than we do about our own government” which shows the secrecyand distance between the two. The relationship between policy makersand the intelligence community depends on the duration of the policymakers in office. In the beginning, policy makers tend to be generous,impressed, and accepting of the intelligence they receive. However, thelonger the tenure policy makers become more bossy and demanding. This isdue to them having higher expectations. Another issue that affects theinteractions between policy makers and the intelligence community isthat policy makers do not keep intelligence up to date below the mostsenior levels. This results in making the role of intelligence moredifficult but also can lead to resentment between everyone involvedwhich can backfire completely. It is often forgotten that the “IC existsto support the policymaker.” (Gookins, 2008, p.65) Member of the IC “work as advisors who provide analysis of relevant information.”(Gookins, 2008, p.66) This intelligence obtained is based off policyrequirements and stated needs. The interaction between the two isdetrimental which is why it must be emphasized that the two collaborateand communicate efficiently to get out the best intelligence possible.Please reply to the following:The nature of the connection between the Intelligence Community (IC) andpolicymakers is that they play a significant role in policy-makingdecisions. It is the job of the National Security Council (NSC) toadvise the president on national security and foreign policy matters(Intel, 2022). The establishment of foreign, internal, and nationalstrategic relationships is a critical component of the process.Furthermore, policymakers are aware that the intelligence community maybe called upon to carry out specific kinds of operations. Again, thepolitical leadership’s willingness to employ this capability, as well asthe exact types of operations that are regarded as appropriate, variesfrom one country to the next (Lowenthal, p 255, 2019). The president andthe president’s top aides, for example, are influential policymakerswho make significant judgments. When it comes to the presidency andsenior political appointees in an administration, success is defined asthe advancement of their agenda (Lowenthal, p. 257). The President andhis team of policymakers are completely reliant on the important andcritical classified information provided by the intelligence agency tocarry out their daily operations. They make decisions based on thisknowledge, and they supply the appropriate actions to follow each orderin an effective manner.

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