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Research Paper Assignment–So you know the end goal! Purpose: 1) To fulfill requ

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Research Paper Assignment–So you know the end goal!Purpose: 1) To fulfill requirements designed to develop crucial skills in areassuch as the following: critical thinking; research; evaluation; synthesis, anddocumentation of primary and secondary sources; argumentation; and all phases ofthe writing process. 2) To help you develop knowledge of your chosen topic andthe awareness of the problems raised by your specific issue–and historiographyin general–that can only be achieved by working on an extended, in-depthproject.Assignment: Using a minimum of eight sources (including three scholarly journalsand two primary sources [internet sources no more than 25% of the total], createand support an original thesis, that is, an arguable proposition on your chosentopic. The argument may be prescriptive or descriptive (or some combination),but it should be structured to persuade a specific audience. You have quite a bitof latitude on the topic, but this must be on a humanities (analytic /interpretable) issue, preferably on a historical issue, event, problem, or theme.Ideally, your paper will also demonstrate your awareness of historiographical andrhetorical aspects of your topic–in other words, how the topic has beenpresented, portrayed (including visuals and symbols), and written about; and howyour topic has been or continues to be perceived by various audiences. NOTE:The final paper will not be a simple “objective” report, random exploration ofyour topic, or collection of facts; but rather an interpretive analysis of yourissue. Factual evidence will be used to support your thesis directly (presentingyour case) or indirectly (characterizing / refuting opposing views and possibleobjections to your reasoning). MLA documentation is required and will be coveredin class. Also consult The Little Seagull Handbook pages 150-200, including asample paper at the end of the section.Length: 10+ pages double-spaced, standard college format w/1” margins–(3000) words + Works CitedGrade: The final project is the major element in the final PORTFOLIO, which isworth 50% of your total grade. The portfolio grade will be based strictly on thequality of the finished product/s (effort / participation is amply creditedelsewhere). See the syllabus for detail.Again, MLA documentation is required. Sources will be checked; plagiarism–cheating of any kind–will be dealt with according to DePaul’s academic integritypolicy. Save all notes and drafts of your work until you receive a final grade.1) Briefly explain the difference between primary and secondary sources. Note how you useone of each to support your argument.ANNOTATE or type EXAMPLES2) A thesis statement does three things. What are they? What is the thesis of your final paper?Sketch, diagram, or outline the argument (your paper) constructed to support that thesis.TYPE OUTLINE SHOWING SECTIONS3) Describe the mix of evidence you marshal in support of your argument. In your view, what isyour best, most objective support? On what page is this located?4) What is the strongest argument that can be made in opposition to your thesis? This may be analternative interpretation rather than a diametrically opposed “pro/con” view.INDICATE EXAMPLES OF OPPOSING or ALTERNATIVE VIEWS5) What is the best evidence for this opposing view? On what page of your paper do you dealwith this opposition?6) Note two terms you DEFINE in the paper.7) NOTE two of your strongest quotations IN MARGIN8) What distinguishes a scholarly journal from a popular periodical? Explain how you use atleast one of each.9) What specific information do you consider when trying to ascertain a source’s credibility?10) In terms of credibility, what are the particular issues associated with internet sources? Howshould a researcher verify these sources.Works CitedHawkins, Troy R., et al. “Comparative Environmental Life Cycle Assessment of Conventional and Electric Vehicles.” Journal of Industrial Ecology, vol. 17, no. 1, Feb. 2013, pp. 53–64. EBSCOhost, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-9290.2012.00532.x.This article talks about global warming potential regarding electricity source, production during use phase, the vehicle lifetime and battery replacement schedules. Researchers created a life cycle inventory to evaluate conventional and electric vehicles across a range of impact categories.Kliesch, James. “Why Electric Cars Are Cleaner.” Hybrid and Electric Cars, edited by Louise I. Gerdes, Greenhaven Press, 2015. At Issue. Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints, link.gale.com/apps/doc/EJ3010920204/OVIC?u=chic13716&sid=bookmark-OVIC&xid=7f59ced8. Accessed 22 Apr. 2022. Originally published in Mother Earth News, vol. 58, 2011.The article is focused on explaining vehicle emission and comparing electric sources. Electric vehicles continue to encounter obstacles while also seeing significant advancements. Electric car emissions are influenced by a number of things, including how power is generated and where you live.Neugebauer, Maciej, et al. “Cumulative Emissions of CO2 for Electric and Combustion Cars: A Case Study on Specific Models.” Energies (19961073), vol. 15, no. 7, Apr. 2022, p. 2703–N.PAG. EBSCOhost, https://doi.org/10.3390/en15072703.This article highlights the five different sources of electricity (from coal, natural gas, PV and wind turbines; a mix of European power sources and an average mix of Polish power sources) that contribute to CO2 emissions at different intensities. The life cycle of a vehicle depends on the model of the car. The electricity generated to power the electric vehicle and number of kilometers/ miles traveled result in the total CO2 emissions.Pero, Francesco Del, et al. “Life Cycle Assessment in the Automotive Sector: A Comparative Case Study of Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) and Electric Car.” Procedia Structural Integrity, vol. 12, Dec. 2018, pp. 521–37, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prostr.2018.11.066.This study is a comparison of GHG emissions with the results of past life cycle assessment. The study is mainly about previously gathered data and evaluation of internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEV) and electric vehicles with an extensive impact on human and ecosystem health.Reitz, R. D., et al. “IJER Editorial: The Future of the Internal Combustion Engine.” International Journal of Engine Research, vol. 21, no. 1, Sept. 2019, p. 146808741987799,https://doi.org/10.1177/1468087419877990.In this study, because the internal combustion engine is losing favor, they propose replacing IC engines with electric-drives in order to reduce fuel consumption and pollutants, as well as vehicle GHG emissions. Internal combustion engines (ICE) hold the reign in the auto industry of producing mass vehicles that emit high emission. Researchers want to improve efficiency and methods to have less dependency on fossil fuels.Revenge of the Electric Car. Directed by Chris Paine, Sony Pictures Classics, 2011.This is a documentary film about the comeback of electric cars. It wasn’t approved by many of the sectors, so it failed earlier on. But because of Tesla, car companies like Nissan and Chevrolet are following Tesla’s new innovation. It’s a race of producing the best cars and winning the public’s heart and mind.TED. “[Exclusive] Elon Musk: A Future Worth Getting Excited about | TED | Tesla Gigafactory Interview.” Www.youtube.com, TED, 17 Apr. 2022, www.youtube.com/watch?v=YRvf00NooN8.In this Ted talk they were conversing about the future electrification of transports, batteries storing solar and wind and energy, and generating sustainable energy. The promise of electric vehicles in the future is big and bright.Thiel, Christian, et al. “Will Electric Vehicles Be Killed (Again) or Are They the Next Mobility Killer App?” Energies (19961073), vol. 13, no. 7, Apr. 2020, p. 1828. EBSCOhost, https://doi.org/10.3390/en13071828.In this article the researchers created a SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats) analysis of an electric car for future reference of making improvements. The researchers conclude that incentives are required until the battery is less expensive. Also, policy measures to overcome obstacles.Thompson, Tamara, editor. “Driving an Electric Car Reduces Carbon Emissions and Fuel Costs.” Gale in Context: Opposing Viewpoints, Gale, a Cengage Company, 2016, link.gale.com/apps/doc/EJ3010970210/OVIC?u=chic13716&sid=bookmark-OVIC&xid=2be01bf2.The article explains global warming emissions and fuel-cost savings. The analysis discusses how much electricity is being used during the use phase (driving) and the global warming emission of the electric and gasoline cars.Who Killed the Electric Car. Directed by Chris Paine, Sony Pictures Classics, 2006.The film talks about how General Motors first electric vehicle was killed by government officials and its manufacturers because oil and politics aren’t aligned with their purpose. Every car lessee is in favor of buying the electric vehicles, however it did not prevent the EV1s from being destroyed.i also want the writer to follow my lead on the introduction i madeElectric vs. Gasoline VehicleThere are case studies comparing electric and gasoline vehicles, which emit more greenhouse gases according to the car’s entire production (particularly battery manufacture), electricity sources, and vehicle maintenance. Some researchers were focused on the use phase and end-of-life of the vehicle. The studies were to analyze how much CO2 electric vehicles produce compared to gasoline vehicles. Despite the fact that electric cars are significantly more environmentally friendly, some researchers are biased. Other researchers who believe in the potential of electric cars, on the other hand, consider that further improvements are necessary to achieve their full electric potential.Researchers did an in depth study of “cradle-to-grave” life cycle assessment of electric and conventional vehicles. They found that (Hawkins et al. 53) production impacts are more significant for EVs than conventional vehicles. Over the past years, electric vehicles have evolved into a better version that is more sustainable for the economy and the environment. China and Europe are the leading countries in the mass production of electric vehicles, and that puts the US at number three. The main reason is that the US can’t produce a large-scale supply of batteries. Battery (specifically the lithium ion battery) is the most important part of the electric vehicle because it gets its power directly through it. Internal combustion engines (ICE) get its energy from burning fossil fuels.Transportation is the biggest contributor of CO2 emissions, most likely from combustion cars. Gasoline vehicles are made with combustion engines where fuel is injected. The burning fuel fossils like gasoline and diesel, releases CO2 in the atmosphere. Meanwhile, electric vehicles don’t have combustion engines , rather, they run entirely on electrical power. They don’t burn fuel, instead when electric vehicles run out of energy it only needs to be plugged into an electrical station to recharge. The number of vehicles are responsible for the amount of CO2 emissions from road transport.(Neugebauer et al)

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