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Former psychologists before Walter Mischel believed a person’s personality traits were thought to be normally unwavering after a period of time; thus making one believe an individual would allow themselves to react to situations in primarily the same way. This was until psychologist Walter Mischel began looking at the size of the relations between a person’s behavior across situations and their variability. Mischel argued that based upon a person’s personality traits, predicting an outcome based on their personality alone was mostly unwarranted .Mischel credited correlation coefficient ‘r’ as the predictor of how variables correlate to one another, The coefficient is based off a 1.0 correlation. Mischel claimed that such correlations involving traits were around 0.30 or slightly higher. (Friedman & Schustack, 2012).
An example of this would be if two company employees one introverted and the other extroverted were asked to present a detailed presentation for incoming corporate representatives. It may be thought that the better speaker would be the extroverted employee. Yet on the day of the presentation the introverted employee was better prepared and gave a more through and vibrant presentation than the extroverted and outgoing employee. According to Friedman &Schustack (2012) personality is sometimes viewed as a “transaction” that blends an individual’s unique and personal ways in order to merge it with the styles of others. Psychologist Gordon Allport was thought to share views of Mischel’s such as his thoughts on that all traits are not equally relevant to all people. For example, people that take risks such as mountain climbers may be ready to start a new job but remain anxious throughout the process. Having a high risk-taking personality doesn’t necessarily mean it will apply to all situations.
References
Friedman, H. S. & Schustack, M. W. (2012). Personality: Classic theories and modern research
(5th ed.). MA: Allyn & Bacon
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